Log in
Biology
1
answer
0
watching
60
views

for vegetarians, acquiring essential amino acids is importantin preventing protein deficiency. what's the difference betweenessential and nonessential amino acids? how can vegetarians combineprotein from different food sources to ensure they have an adequateamount of essential amino acids?

Watch
1
answer
0
watching
60
views

For unlimited access to Homework Help, a Homework+ subscription is required.

Sixta Kovacek
Sixta KovacekLv2
28 Sep 2019

Unlock all answers

Get 1 free homework help answer.
Already have an account? Log in
Share

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology
8 Edition,
Lodish
ISBN: 9781464183393
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology
6 Edition,
Belk
ISBN: 9780134555430
Biology
2nd Edition, 2013
Openstax
ISBN: 9781947172517
Concepts of Biology
OER Edition,
Openstax
ISBN: 9781938168116
Essentials of Biology
5 Edition,
Mader
ISBN: 9781259660269

Related questions

Instructions

BACKGROUND

The amino acid sequence for a protein that is associated with the onset of Huntington's Disease in humans is 582 amino acids long and is provided below. This disease is autosomal dominant and results in a prolonged degeneration of nerve cells in the brain.

INSTRUCTIONS

For this assignment, use any method you determine most feasible (i.e. programming in MATlab, R script, Crystal Ball, Witchcraft/Hocus Pocus, etc.) to decipher the amino acid composition of this protein and answer the 15 questions associated with this protein and its associated amino acid structure.

You will be calculating proportions (percentages - %) for this assignment. Calculate all proportions to 1 decimal place and make sure you have rounded up or down correctly. If unsure, use a spreadsheet program such as Excel to display your proportional calculations to 1 decimal place.

Spelling matters (Incorrect spelling will be graded as such - incorrect).

Huntington Disease Associated Protein Amino Acid Sequence

The first amino acid below ('m') represents the amino (NH3) terminus of this protein. The last amino acid in this sequence represents the carboxy (COOH) terminus and is the very last 'c' at the bottom of this protein sequence structure. The amino acids are numbered individually across the rows (left to right) beginning from the amino terminus (#1) to the carboxy terminus (#582).

mvskreniat

hhlyqawdpv

pslspattga

lisheklllq

inperelgsm

syklgqvsih

svwlgnsitp

lreeewdeee

eeeadapaps

spptspvnsr

khragvdihs

csqfllelys

rwilpsssar

rtpailisev

vrsllvvsdl

fternqfelm

yvtltelrrv

hpsedeilaq

ylvpatckaa

avlgmdkava

epvsrllest

lrsshlpsrv

galhgilyvl

ecdllddtak

qlipvisdyl

lsnlkgiahc

vnihsqqhvl

vmcatafyli

enypldvgpe

fsasiiqmcg

vmlsgseest

psiiyhcalr

glerlllseq

lsrldaeslv

klsvdrvnvh

sphramaalg

lmltcmytgk

ekvspgrtsd

pnpaapdses

vivamervsv

lfdrirkgfp

cearvvaril

pqflddffpp

qdimnkvige

flsnqqpypq

fmatvvykvf

qtlhstgqss

mvrdwvmlsl

snftqrapva

matwslscff

vsastspwva

ailphvisrm

gkleqvdvnl

fclvatdfyr

hqieeeldrr

afqsvlevva

apgspyhrll

tclrnvhkvt

tc

CARBOXY TERMINUS

I need these decoded in order to answer the following questions:

a.) What is the name of the least abundant amino acid in this protein and what proportion of the total amino acids in the protein does this individual amino acid represent?

b.) What is the proportion of essential amino acids included in this protein sequence?

c.)How many Tryptophan residues are present in this protein sequence?

d.) The amino acid sequence from residues 73-85 is represented by the amino acids EEEWDEEEEEEAD, how would you generally classify this small region of the protein

e.) Two amino acids are present in the same proportion in this protein, which two are those?

f.) How many positively charged amino acids are present in this protein?

g.)Which class of amino acids is the most abundant in this protein?

h.) What amino acid(s) is/are present at locations 572 and 582 in the Huntington Disease protein (Full Amino Acid Name(s))

i.) What type of structure could form between these amino acids that could help stabilize this protein's structure?

j.) How many valine residues are present in this protein?

k.)Which class of amino acids is least abundant in this protein?

l.) How may negatively charged amino acids are present in the Huntington disease protein?

m.) How many Aspartic Acid residues are present in this protein and what proportion do they represent of the total amino acids in this protein?

n.)Summed together, how many hydrophilic amino acid residues are present in this protein?

o.)What is the sequence of amino acids from positions 487-492 (First letters only)?

p.) How would you classify this area of the Huntington protein based on these amino acids?

Identify amino acids which when being part of a protein structure have side chains that can participate in the hydrogen bond formation. Draw the structure of each amino acid and indicate how it can form the hydrogen bonding.

2. Identify amino acids which when being part of a protein structure have side chains that can participate in chemical reactions. Explain why and how. For instance which residues are used for post-translational modifications, for regulation of protein activity, how are glycans and lipids attached to proteins?

3. Identify amino acids which when being part of a protein structure have side chains that can ionize or are charged at pH 7. Based on the pKR values of the free amino acids estimate/calculate what percentage of the amino acid is in the charged form.

Explain why some amino acids, like serine in serine proteases, can ionize/lose proton at neutral pH while their pKR values suggest that this should not be possible.

You have isolated a new nuclear protein, whose expression level is signficantly increased in cancer. Careful sequence analysis reveals the following sequence in the N-terminus of this protein (the positions of the amino acids are indicated): Pro(1)-Pro(2)-Val (3)-Ala(4)-Arg(5)-Lys(6)-Lys(7)-Arg(8)-Lys(9)-Lys(10)-Lys(11)-Tyr(12)-Ile(13)
. A construct in which amino acids 1-10 are deleted does not localize to the nucleus. However, when you fuse amino acids 1-10 to GFP, GFP remains in the cytosol.

Which of the following statements best describes the conclusion that you would draw from this experiment?

a)amino acids 1-10 are necessary but not sufficient to direct the protein's import into the nucleus

b)amino acids 1-10 are necessary and sufficient to target the protein into the nucleus

c)deletion of amino acids 1-10 disrupt the import of all proteins into the nucleus

d)amino acids 1-10 are sufficient for the nuclear import of this protein

e)amino acids 1-10 are critical for nuclear import because they interact with the Ran GTPase

Weekly leaderboard

Home
Homework Help 3,900,000
Biology 460,000
Start filling in the gaps now
Log in