BISC207 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5-6: Hydrolysis, Hydrophile, Glycogen

• School: University of Delaware
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BISC207
• Professor: Nauen Jennifer

Document Summary

Carbohydrates or sugars encompass the monomers called monosaccharides and the large polymers polysaccharides. Made up of a carbonyl group, several hydroxyl groups, along with multiple carbon hydrogen bonds. Provide chemical energy in cells and furnish some of the molecular building blocks required for the synthesis or larger, more complex compounds. Simple sugars covalently link to form chains of varying lengths called complex carbohydrates. Glycosidic linkage- when a condensation reaction occurs between two hydroxyl groups hydrolysis - opposite of glycosidic linkage. Starch consists entirely of alpha glucose joined by glycosidic linkages. Glycogen performs the same storage role in animals that starch performs in plants. Glycogen is stored in the cells of liver and muscle tissues. Cellulose- used for structural support in cell walls of plants and many algae. Carbohydrates serve as a substrate for synthesizing more-complex molecules. Carbohydrates provide fibrous structural materials, indicate cell identity, and store chemical energy. Carbohydrates vary in their component monomers and the linkages between them.