PSYC101 Lecture Notes - Neuroplasticity, Endocrine System, Laterality
10 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture Overview
Neurons
•
The nervous system
•
The brain
•
Research methods and the brain
•
Brain Plasticity
•
Laterality
•
Neurotransmitters
•
The endocrine system
•
Nature versus nurture debate
•
Types of Neurons
Three kinds of neurons
Sensory neurons: Information from sensory cells (receptors) to the brain
Sensations
•
Afferent neurons
•
•
Interneurons: Connect neurons together
Common in brain and spinal cord
•
•
Motor neurons: Commands from interneurons to muscles
Voluntary actions (e.g., dancing) and bodily functions (e.g., heartbeat)
•
Efferent neurons
•
•
•
The Neuron
Lecture Week 4
Friday, 17 March 2017
1:56 PM
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
at)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Dendrites: Receive information
Information flows to cell body
•
Then along the axon
•
•
Soma - cell body: Contains the nucleus
•
Axon: Transmits signals away from soma to other neurons
Myelin sheath: Fatty substance that encases axons
•
•
Terminal buttons: Secrete neurotransmitters
•
Synapse: Where information is transmitted between neurons
•
Let’s see how neurons work
•
Glia (glial cells)
Glia: Over 50% of brain volume
Supports neurons
Supply nourishment
•
Remove waste
•
Form myelin sheaths
•
•
Can detect neural impulses and send signals to other glial cells
Memory formation
•
Deterioration may contribute to Alzheimer’s disease
Neural Impulse
•
•
•
Neural impulse is a electrochemical reaction
Electrically charged molecules (ions) inside and outside neuron
•
•
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Sensory neurons: information from sensory cells (receptors) to the brain. Voluntary actions (e. g. , dancing) and bodily functions (e. g. , heartbeat) Axon: transmits signals away from soma to other neurons. Can detect neural impulses and send signals to other glial cells. Electrically charged molecules (ions) inside and outside neuron. When activated, positive ions (e. g. , sodium) rush into the neuron. The channels then close and resting potential is restored. Absolute refractory period: minimum time before another action potential can. Pin prick versus car running over your toe. Magnitude is conveyed by varying rate of action potential. Fast neural impulses can travel at 200 miles per hour. The impulse triggered by the action potential must be transmitted from one neuron can begin ron to another. The impulse triggered by the action potential must be transmitted from one neuron. Postsynaptic potential (psp): voltage change at receptor site caused when neurotran receptor combine.
