BIOL1003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Lactose Intolerance, Pseudogene, Genetic Variation
BIOL1003: Module 1 Evolution
Lecture 8 – Natural Selection in Humans, Phylogeny Trees
Is natural section happening in humans?
• 30-40% of pregnancy spontaneously abort - often before the mother knows she is pregnant
o Probably a form of selection (genetic condition)
o Lactose intolerance - we probably have lactase as babies, but some people lose this
ezye, soe do’t
o Modern medicine causes a problem? No - do we abandon it and let everyone die from
common and curable diseases, this wold cause more conflict
o Genetic variation 99.9% shared between humans, then 20% of that geographic variation.
Different chimp groups have more variation that humans do.
• DNA sequencing - it's getting cheaper to do this and technology is evolving faster
• DNA phylogenies
o
o Differences between species
• Phylogeny and cladogram terminology
o
o We can now do huge phylogenies with hundreds of thousands of species, therefore, we
can see when mass extinctions occurred
o Misconception: all phylogenies are only done with DNA
o Correction: it combines DNA and morphology
o
• Pseudogene - a reli of a gee that does’t atually ork. Fro a oo aestor. Priates
had aess to fruit so got plety of itai C, so the reak i this gee as’t a problem
o This could probably be fixed. The issue is there are regulators et. hih e do’t
entirely understand it
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