PSYC104 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Factor Analysis, Extraversion And Introversion
8 May 2018
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PSYC104 Research Design Lecture
Week 10 – Non-Experiments
Non-experimental designs include
• Case studies
• Naturalistic observations
• Interview studies
• Focus groups
• Surveys/questionnaire studies
The cross-sectional design
• Also known as
o Passive designs
o Associational studies
o Correlational studies
• The choice of population for the study is very important in cross-sectional studies
Cross-sectional designs are applicable when
• The research question emphasizes the need to study two pre-existing populations. These populations
are naturally occurring instances of specific traits or characteristics of interest to the researcher
• Early in the examination of a general research question to ascertain if there are empirically verifiable
relationships among constructs
• It is either ethically or practically not possible to conduct experiments
• A researcher is interested in combining a number of variables, as experiments cannot cope with such
complexity
• Studying the relationship between constructs e.g. extraversion and IQ
• Developing and refining psychological tests instruments or scales
• Examining the makeup of a construct [via a scale] through factor analysis
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Non-experimental designs include: case studies, naturalistic observations, focus groups, surveys/questionnaire studies. The cross-sectional design: also known as, passive designs, associational studies, correlational studies, the choice of population for the study is very important in cross-sectional studies. Cross-sectional designs are applicable when: the research question emphasizes the need to study two pre-existing populations. These populations are naturally occurring instances of specific traits or characteristics of interest to the researcher: early in the examination of a general research question to ascertain if there are empirically verifiable relationships among constructs.
