EDUC105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hopscotch, Domain Knowledge, Imaginary Audience
1 Jun 2018
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EDUC105 Week 4 Lecture 1
Cognitive Processes: Piaget II
o After the formal operational stage you develop:
▪ Adolescent egocentrism – this is where adolescents do
akoledge other peoples perspeties ad eliefs ut they
are more focused on their own
o At previous stages, kids do not have that acknowledgement – they
believe all their opinions and perspectives are the only right one
o Elkind’s (1981) concept of imaginary audience (same as adolescent
egocentrism) – they feel that everyone is watching them, analysing
them and making valued judgements
o Idealism: where the adolescent becomes more interested in the
outside world – being idealistic – continues throughout life as people
become passionate about religion, culture, human rights etc.
Educational Implications:
• Piaget was never an educator – he never made specific recommendations
although he had an educational philosophy
• He was more interested in the thinking processes of the child
• Helping children on how to learn was his educational philosophy
Observation to match student level: observing the students whilst they are solving
problems – you can track a pattern of what is happening/gage a sense of their level –
this can match to your teaching methods/levels
• Level of difficulty (just enough to stimulate) mental activity
• Disequilibration occurs with new ways of thinking
Activity and constructing knowledge:
• Interaction of ideas between the teacher and the student/peers (group work)
• This is so the student can be challenged and tested – needs feedback
• Value of play = young children as well as teenagers need to engage in play
activities as well as educational activities – play is a part of stimulation. PLAY
is very important for cognitive, social and physical processes.
o Infants use pretend play – through this they form symbols, they use
language and interact with others (sensorimotor)
• During play, cooperation, negotiation, fairness etc. are values learnt
• E.g. chess as a teenager – advanced game – cognitive and social
Piaget developed three types of PLAY:
• Practice play
o Happens around 6 months old
o This is where the infants move from random body movement to
intentionally and repetitively pushing a toy
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