ANAT20006 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Gluteus Maximus Muscle, Fascia Lata, Iliacus Muscle
12 Jun 2018
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LECTURE 19
LOWER LIMBS (2) MUSCLES & MOVEMENTS
•(1) movements
MOVEMENTS OF LOWER LIMB
•(2) knee flexion and extensions. Hinge
joint so only movement in the singular
plane. If we stand in the anatomical
position, flexion of the elbow is an
anteriorly directed movement. But
flexion of the knee joint is posteriorly
directed movement.
•True flexion is a posteriorly directed
movement. Inversion is turning sole of
foot inwards, eversion is turning it
outwards. This movement is not in the
ankle joint, but subtalar foot joints.
FASCIA
•(3) Fascia surrounds and compartmentalizes our
muscles. Enables them to glide with and against each
other.
•Intermuscular septa: divides thigh and leg into
compartments
•Fascia:
•layer of fibrous tissue
•surrounds individual muscles
•surrounds groups of muscles
•divides muscles into compartments
•reduces friction / allows muscle to ‘glide’
•Specialized fascia of the thigh ‘fascia lata’
•Thickens laterally to form the iliotibial band (ITB)
•Attaches to lateral knee
MUSCLES OF PELVIC GIRDLE
•(4) Collectively this muscle is known as iliopsoas as it
attaches a single tendon but it is really the 3 different
ones: iliacus, psoas major and psoas minor. Strong hip
Lecture 19 - Monday 4 September 2017
ANAT20006 - HUMAN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
3
flexor muscles.
•Iliacus muscle has its origin int he iliac crest. The
psoas muscle attaches here at the top.
•NOT CONCERNED WITH ORIGINS AND
INSERTIONS OF MUSCLES.
•(5) as well as flex
we can extend the
hip. Gluteus
maximus is the power extensor
muscle in bum.
•Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus:
primary function is to maintain pelvic
stability. As well as abduct. So when we
walk we walk on a very stable pelvis
without thinking about it.
•Posteriorly / Laterally:
•Gluteal muscles:
•Gluteus maximus: only recruited in
‘power’ extension
•Gluteus medius & Gluteus minimus: abduct the hip but
primarily maintain position of pelvis in locomotion.
•Extensor and Abductor muscles of the hip.
MUSCLE COMPARTMENTS OF THIGH
•(6) Anterior
•quadricep muscles - most extensive
•knee extensors
•Posterior
•hamstring muscles
•hip extensors & knee flexors
•Medial
•adductor muscles
•hip adductors
•(Lateral)
•gluteal muscles
•does not extend into thigh
•Upper limb: anterior and posterior
compartments. Lower limb has 3 compartments
in both thigh and leg.
ANTERIOR MUSCLE COMPARTMENT OF
THIGH
•(7) Compartment occupied largely by
quadriceps muscles. 4 heads = 4 large and
powerful muscles.
•Rectus femoris attaches at pelvis and joins
other muscles at thigh. Flexes the hip as well as
Lecture 19 - Monday 4 September 2017
ANAT20006 - HUMAN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
Document Summary
Movements of lower limb: (2) knee flexion and extensions. Hinge joint so only movement in the singular plane. If we stand in the anatomical position, flexion of the elbow is an anteriorly directed movement. But flexion of the knee joint is posteriorly directed movement: true flexion is a posteriorly directed movement. Inversion is turning sole of foot inwards, eversion is turning it outwards. This movement is not in the ankle joint, but subtalar foot joints. Fascia: (3) fascia surrounds and compartmentalizes our muscles. Muscles of pelvic girdle: (4) collectively this muscle is known as iliopsoas as it attaches a single tendon but it is really the 3 different ones: iliacus, psoas major and psoas minor. Lecture 19 - monday 4 september 2017 flexor muscles: iliacus muscle has its origin int he iliac crest. The psoas muscle attaches here at the top: not concerned with origins and. Insertions of muscles: (5) as well as flex we can extend the hip.
