ANAT30007 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Lentiform Nucleus, Red Nucleus, Hierarchical Organization

• School: University of Melbourne
• Department: Anatomy and Neuroscience
• Course: ANAT30007
• Professor: All

Document Summary

Corticospinal pathways that project from primary motor cortex down to innervate lower motor neurons and eventually innervate muscles. 80% of fibres cross to opposite side of cord at level of brain stem in pyramids (cross at medulla) Pathways for coordination of movement and control posture and muscle tone (still controlling voluntary muscles) All motor pathways not part of the pyramidal system including basal ganglia . Cortex can influence this system via inputs to brain stem. Structures deep within cerebral matter pockets of nuclei/grey matter. Basal ganglia: talks to thalamus and brainstem, makes slight adjustments to make the movement smooth, fine-tuning of movements. Cerebellum provides important role in feedback (receives sensory info from muscles and regulates the system through feedback networks) Pyramidal system: voluntary movements, direct pathways to influence lower mns. Extrapyramidal system: control and refinement of movements. Indirect pathways to influence lower mns: tracts found in reticular formation of pons and medulla.