BIOM20001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 58: Metaplasia, Endometriosis, Cardiomegaly
Document Summary
On the left this might be due to high blood pressure. The heart is required to work harder to push against the resistance. On the right injury (e. g. occlusion of coronary arteries) causes death of myocytes. Can recover from partial injury, if too large, tissue death -> scar tissue (white region) Physiological adaptation - cellular response to normal stimulation. Pathological adaptation - response to stress to avoid injury (change homeostatic set point - get bigger/ multiply - to protect the function of a particular organ/cell tissue) Increased size of cells resulting in increased size of organ. Non-dividing cells (terminal differentiable cells that can"t divide) increase in size (myocytes, skeletal muscle) Pathological: hypertension (high blood pressure, potentially due to rigid arteries/artherosclerosis)--> increased work load (increased resistance as the heart. Mcb page 1 arteries/artherosclerosis)--> increased work load (increased resistance as the heart pumps)--> enlarged heart -->improved performance -->however results in myocyte degeneration--> (adaptations are reversible before cell injury )
