BIOM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Radial Notch, Pivot Joint, Humerus
Document Summary
8 carpal (wrist) bones in two rows of 4: proximal and distal. 5 metacarpal bones (in the palm) articulate with wrist, i rotated 90 degrees relative to ii-v. 3 phalanges per finger (except thumb which only has 2): long bones with epiphyses at one end. Stable joints congruent (& often deep) articular surfaces tight capsule with strong ligaments limited rom. Mobile joints ball & socket joints most mobile stability often dependent on (fixator) muscles susceptible to subluxation or dislocation. Only point where upper limb attaches to axial skeleton. Stabilised by coracoclavicular ligament - joins coracoid process to clavicle. Large humeral head to (shallow) glenoid fossa allows greater movement but very unstable; lack of congruity (cid:858)so(cid:272)ket(cid:859) deepe(cid:374)ed (cid:271)y fi(cid:271)ro(cid:272)artilage(cid:374)ous gle(cid:374)oid la(cid:271)ru(cid:373), helps sta(cid:271)ility (cid:271)y pro(cid:448)idi(cid:374)g greater surface area. Tendon of bicep runs through bicipital groove of humerus. It goes up and over it to the scapula. Coracoacromial ligament (above): ligament that runs up the top.
