BIOM20002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 58: Far (Album), Shortness Of Breath, Electronvolt
Debra: 30 year old
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Severe shortness of breath (dyspnea)
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Orthopnoaic (can't lie down)
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Pursed and blue lips, hyperinflated lungs/chest, musical sounds over chest, rapid pulse,
pulsus paradoxus, scant and visoid sputum,
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History of asthma
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Presented to emergency department
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Asthma
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Chronic obstructive airway disease
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Small Airway Obstruction
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Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways resulting in contraction of bronchial muscle
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Extrinsic (atopic, allergic) - pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander
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Intrinsic (non-atopic)
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Types
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Airway Inflammation
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Bronchial Hyper‐reactivity
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Airflow limitation “Obstruction”
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In asthma allergen causes secretion of mucus into lumen and smooth muscle contracts.
Narrows lumen
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Disease characteristics
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Can use bronchodilators, use chemicals to reduce chemical mediators that produce mucus
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Asthma
58 Applied Respiratory Physiology 2
Wednesday, October 8, 2014
9:59 AM
HSF Page 1
Laminar flow normally. At bifurcation the flow of air splits to transitional flow. If air
moves too fast it becomes turbulent flow.
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Laminar flow: air moving in center of lumen moves faster
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Remodelling
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HSF Page 2
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Flow is turbulent up to bifurcation of trachea where it is transitional. Flow beyond terminal
bronchiole is laminar
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Mouth - intrapleural = mouth - alveolar + (Alveolar - intrapleural)
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Equation of pressure
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An asthma patint would have to generate a larger negative pressure to draw in more air. This
causes her BP to fall because
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In asthma patients narrowing of airways doesn't really lower resistance that much. According
to the equation it should, but resistance is not high bcause terminal bronchiole are in parallel.
Parallel causes resistance to decrease
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Forced vital capacity: max volume of air you can inspire and expire
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FVC x 80% = FEV
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Should be able to empty 80% of lung in 1 sec - takes longer in obstructive lung disease
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HSF Page 3
Document Summary
Pursed and blue lips, hyperinflated lungs/chest, musical sounds over chest, rapid pulse, pulsus paradoxus, scant and visoid sputum, Extrinsic (atopic, allergic) - pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander. Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways resulting in contraction of bronchial muscle. In asthma allergen causes secretion of mucus into lumen and smooth muscle contracts. Can use bronchodilators, use chemicals to reduce chemical mediators that produce mucus. At bifurcation the flow of air splits to transitional flow. If air moves too fast it becomes turbulent flow. Laminar flow: air moving in center of lumen moves faster. Flow is turbulent up to bifurcation of trachea where it is transitional. Mouth - intrapleural = mouth - alveolar + (alveolar - intrapleural) An asthma patint would have to generate a larger negative pressure to draw in more air. In asthma patients narrowing of airways doesn"t really lower resistance that much.
