FOOD20003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Monounsaturated Fat, Acetyl-Coa, Citric Acid Cycle
28 Jun 2018
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LIPIDS
1. List the major types of lipids and describe their general structure and where they are found (triglycerides, sterols,
phospholipids).
Triglycerides – glycerol, 3x FA (condensation react)
Sterols – ring structure, found in plant & animals
oCholesterol = animal foods only
Phospholipids – glycerol, 2x FA, phosphate group
2. Differentiate between fats and oils.
Fat = solid, saturated
Oil = liquid, unsaturated, chains pack less closely
3. Outline in detail the structural features of fatty acids, with examples.
Terminal groups: -CH3 and -COOH
Multiple CH2 units
4-26 carbons
4. Use the shorthand notation form for the more common fatty acids and name them.
5. Outline the importance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and indicate their major sources.
Linoleic acid can be used to make other omega-6-family (i.e. arachidonic acid)
oProtects heart health by lowering LDL cholesterol & improves insulin resistance
BUT omega-6 can’t be turned into omega-3 & vice-versa
Omega-3: fatty fishes, walnuts
Omega-6: corn, sunflower, soybean, meat, poultry, eggs
6. Describe a mixed triglyceride.
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Document Summary
Lipids: list the major types of lipids and describe their general structure and where they are found (triglycerides, sterols, phospholipids). Sterols ring structure, found in plant & animals: cholesterol = animal foods only. Phospholipids glycerol, 2x fa, phosphate group: differentiate between fats and oils. Oil = liquid, unsaturated, chains pack less closely: outline in detail the structural features of fatty acids, with examples. 4-26 carbons: use the shorthand notation form for the more common fatty acids and name them, outline the importance of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and indicate their major sources. Linoleic acid can be used to make other omega-6-family (i. e. arachidonic acid: protects heart health by lowering ldl cholesterol & improves insulin resistance. But omega-6 can"t be turned into omega-3 & vice-versa. Omega-6: corn, sunflower, soybean, meat, poultry, eggs: describe a mixed triglyceride. Different chain lengths & different combination types: discuss fatty acid deficiencies. Growth retardation, reproductive failure, skin lesions, kidney & liver disorders.
