PHYS30001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Embryonic Stem Cell, Cardiac Muscle Cell, Thrombus
Embryogenesis:
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Cardiac Development
At about day 10 for mouse, the tube loops and fuses to create septum
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Cardiac myocytes are derived from mesoderm.
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Primary heart field (cardiac crescent, left ventricle, atria)
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Secondary heart field (right ventricle and outflow tract)
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There are 2 ‘pools’ of cardiac progenitor cells (identified by surface markers)
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Transcription factors (bind to promoter regions, produced in response to chemical stimulus)
guide cardiac development: cardiac-restricted transcription factors (incl GATA4, Nkx2.5,
MEF2C)
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Heart Growth After Birth
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13 Generating and regenerating the heart
Thursday, 3 September 2015
11:52 PM
Cardio Page 1
Document Summary
Primary heart field (cardiac crescent, left ventricle, atria) Secondary heart field (right ventricle and outflow tract) At about day 10 for mouse, the tube loops and fuses to create septum. There are 2 (cid:858)pools(cid:859) of (cid:272)ardia(cid:272) proge(cid:374)itor (cid:272)ells (cid:894)ide(cid:374)tified (cid:271)(cid:455) surfa(cid:272)e (cid:373)arkers(cid:895) Transcription factors (bind to promoter regions, produced in response to chemical stimulus) guide cardiac development: cardiac-restricted transcription factors (incl gata4, nkx2. 5, Classic dogma cardiomyocytes exit cell cycle at birth. Cell number in adult heart is largely determined at birth. 70-90% due to plaque rupture and thrombus formation. Prolonged ischemia leads to irreversible cell death (necrosis). Post mi - dead myocardium replaced with connective tissue (non-contractile) leading to reduced cardiac function. human lv has 2-4 billion cardiomyocytes. Mi can kill 25% in a few hours adult mammals generate minimal new cardiac muscle cells. Many differentiated (non-embryonic) cell types have been successfully transplanted into damaged myocardium (foetal myocytes, skeletal myoblasts and smooth muscle cells).
