BMS2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hmg-Coa Reductase, Turnover Number, Glycolysis
15 Aug 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Discuss the importance of regulation of cellular metabolism. For each metabolic reaction in a pathway, the substrate is provided by the preceding reaction at the same rate which it is converted to the product. Explain the general principles of regulation of enzyme activity. The total activity of an enzyme can be changed by altering the number of its molecules i(cid:374) the (cid:272)ell, or it"s effe(cid:272)tive a(cid:272)tivity i(cid:374) a subcellular compartment (1-6) or modulating the activity of existing molecules (7-10): extracellular signals: Can be hormonal: e. g. insulin, epinephrine: neuronal: e. g. acetylcholine. The number of molecules of a given enzyme in a cell is a function of the relative rates of synthesis and degradation of the enzyme. Rate of synthesis can be adjusted by activation of a transcription factor. Tra(cid:374)s(cid:272)riptio(cid:374) fa(cid:272)tor: (cid:374)u(cid:272)lear protei(cid:374)s that (cid:271)i(cid:374)d to spe(cid:272)ifi(cid:272) dna regio(cid:374)s (cid:374)ear a ge(cid:374)e"s pro(cid:373)oter a(cid:374)d a(cid:272)tivate or repress the transcription of that gene resulting in an increase/decrease synthesis of the protein: mrna degradation.
