PSY2061 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Radial Glial Cell, Cell Adhesion Molecule, Neural Tube
15 May 2018
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Week 1
Methods of Migration
•Somal translocation: !
- migrating cell grows an extension!
- extension explores immediate environment for attractive and repulsive cues!
•Glia mediated migration: !
- during proliferation, radial glial cells emerge at the walls of the neural tube!
- neurones travel along this matrix to get to their destination!
- radial glial cells are pluripotent and following migration some develop into neurones!
•Guidance molecules!
- chemicals guide migrating neurones by attracting or repelling them!
•Cortical migration!
- many neurones engage both radial and tangential migration!
- migration occurs in an orderly pattern!
- progressing from deeper layers to more superficial layers!
- thus, each wave of cells need to pass through lower layers of cortex before reaching
destination!
- called inside-out migration!
Aggregation
•once migrated, neurones align themselves with other neurones to form CIVs structures
•cell adhesion molecules, are located on the surface of cells!
- ability to recognise molecules on other cells and adhere to them!
- elimination of these molecules can have a devastating effect!
Axonal Development Theories
Chemoaffinity hypothesis:
-Postsynaptic surface (dendritic arms) release a specific chemical label which attracts
selective growing axons to the target
-Used during development and regeneration (axon/connection is severed)
-Many guidance molecules for axonal growth have been identified
-Axons don not always grown directly to its target
-Often a very circuitous route is taken (for all members of a species)
-Growing axon not attracted to target by a single chemical released at the target site
-Axonal growth cones are influenced (positively & negatively) by series of signals along
the route
Topographic arrangement:
-Spatial arrangement of a cluster go neurones tend to project to the next cluster of
neurones
Document Summary
Extension explores immediate environment for attractive and repulsive cues: glia mediated migration: During proliferation, radial glial cells emerge at the walls of the neural tube. Neurones travel along this matrix to get to their destination. Radial glial cells are pluripotent and following migration some develop into neurones: guidance molecules. Chemicals guide migrating neurones by attracting or repelling them: cortical migration. Many neurones engage both radial and tangential migration. Progressing from deeper layers to more super cial layers. Thus, each wave of cells need to pass through lower layers of cortex before reaching destination. Aggregation: once migrated, neurones align themselves with other neurones to form civs structures, cell adhesion molecules, are located on the surface of cells. Ability to recognise molecules on other cells and adhere to them. Elimination of these molecules can have a devastating effect. Postsynaptic surface (dendritic arms) release a speci c chemical label which attracts selective growing axons to the target.
