BIOL1006 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Maria Sibylla Merian, Homo Sapiens, Binomial Nomenclature
24 May 2018
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Lecture 2: Biodiversity
o Humans are a walking ecosystem
- Belly buttons are extremely biodiverse
- Demotex mites live on our eyelashes
o Number of named species: 1.2 million
- However, plenty of habitats left undiscovered
- There are also cryptic species- e.g. there are 6 (maybe even up to 11) species of giraffe
and 3 species of elephant
- Therefore, we dot kow eatl how a speies (estimates range from 3-100
million)
- Newest estimate includes microorganisms (1 trillion)
o Maria Sibylla Merian (1699)
- First scientific expedition
- First professional entomologist
- Discovered butterflies came from caterpillars and caterpillars came from eggs (not
spontaneous generation)
o Carl Linneaus
- Botanist
- Sent his PhD students around the world to take samples
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2
- Introduced binomial nomenclature (giving each sample 2 names- first is the genus
name, second is specific to that particular organism e.g. homo sapiens)
- Itrodued the rule that ol oe speies a e aed hoo sapie et.
Classifying life
Every genus is nested into a family, every family is nested into
a order ad so o…
- This order must be memorized
- Important in deducing how things are related to eachother
Kingdom
- Linneaus thought there were only 2 kingdoms (animals and plants)
- Anthonie van Leeuwenhoek developed the first microscope and discovered Protista
(small things)
- There are 3 domains (bacteria, archaea, eukarya) and 6 kingdoms (bacteria, archaea,
Protista, plantae, fungi, animalia)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lecture 2: biodiversity: humans are a walking ecosystem. Demotex mites live on our eyelashes: number of named species: 1. 2 million. There are also cryptic species- e. g. there are 6 (maybe even up to 11) species of giraffe and 3 species of elephant. Therefore, we do(cid:374)(cid:859)t k(cid:374)ow e(cid:454)a(cid:272)tl(cid:455) how (cid:373)a(cid:374)(cid:455) spe(cid:272)ies (estimates range from 3-100 million) Newest estimate includes microorganisms (1 trillion: maria sibylla merian (1699) Discovered butterflies came from caterpillars and caterpillars came from eggs (not spontaneous generation: carl linneaus. Sent his phd students around the world to take samples. Introduced binomial nomenclature (giving each sample 2 names- first is the genus name, second is specific to that particular organism e. g. homo sapiens) I(cid:374)trodu(cid:272)ed the rule that o(cid:374)l(cid:455) o(cid:374)e spe(cid:272)ies (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e (cid:374)a(cid:373)ed (cid:858)ho(cid:373)o sapie(cid:374)(cid:859) et(cid:272). Every genus is nested into a family, every family is nested into a(cid:374) order a(cid:374)d so o(cid:374) . Important in deducing how things are related to eachother.
