CHEM1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Horse Length, Molar Concentration, Stoichiometry
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9 Jun 2018
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Lecture 11- Stoichiometry solutions
Reactions in solution
Definitions
- The solvent is the substance that does the dissolving.
- The solute is the substance that is dissolved.
- The solution is the mixture.
- Concentration refers to amount of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution.
Equations
- In chemistry we use: number of moles of solute dissolved in 1L of solution – Molarity.
- So, a 1 molar (1 M) solution contains 1 mole of solute in 1 L of solution.
- Concentration in M = no. moles / Vol in L
Example 1
Q. A saline solution used in pharmaceuticals contains 0.10 M sodium chloride. What mass is
needed to prepare 10 L of saline?
0.1M = n / 10
n= 1.0
m= n x M
= 1.0 x 58.5
= 58.5g
Example 2
Q. A 3% w/v bleach solution contains 3.00 g sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in 100 mL of solution.
What is its molarity?
- 0.1L
- m= 3g
- n= m/M
= 3.00 g / 74.5 g mol-1
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