CHEM1112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Pentane, Butane, Electronegativity
19 May 2018
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Department
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Name simple alkanes using IUPAC nomenclature
Organic
Nomencla...
Number of carbons
1
Methane
2
ethane
3
propane
4
butane
5
pentane
Etc…..
Identify longest carbon chain
1.
Identify all substituents/groups off chain
2.
Number carbons of parent chain from end that gives the groups the lowest numbers
3.
If same group occurs more than once, indicate location of each group and number of times it
appears with prefix e.g. di, tri, tetra etc
4.
If 2 or more different groups, list in alphabetical order using the base name (ignore prefixes)
5.
If chains equal in length, chose chain
6.
With greatest number of side chains
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Substituents with lowest numbers
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Chain with greatest number of carbons in the smaller side chain
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Chain with least branched side chains
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Cyclic (ring) hydrocarbon designated with "cyclo-" prefix in front of base name
7.
Steps
Examples
2.1
Sunday, 13 August 2017
2:55 PM
2. Alkanes Page 1
2. Alkanes Page 2
Document Summary
Number carbons of parent chain from end that gives the groups the lowest numbers. If same group occurs more than once, indicate location of each group and number of times it appears with prefix e. g. di, tri, tetra etc. If 2 or more different groups, list in alphabetical order using the base name (ignore prefixes) Chain with greatest number of carbons in the smaller side chain. Cyclic (ring) hydrocarbon designated with cyclo- prefix in front of base name. Examples: alkanes page 1, alkanes page 2. Distinguish between conformational and configurational isomers of alkanes. Isomers that differ in the nature of sequence of bonding/connectivity. Physical and chemical properties different, especially due to functional groups: alkanes page 3 groups. Isomers which differ in arrangement of groups in space. Rotation requires atoms to pass through the ring, very high energy barrier. Normally requires a lot of energy so cannot happen at room temp. Double bonds consist of sigma and pi bond.
