PHAR3817 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Mepyramine, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, H1 Antagonist
22 Jul 2018
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Imidazole ring - 2 protons, 1 protonated and 1 not protonated. N is closest to the side chain and nt is furthest away. The ring has a 2-carbon length, hydrocarbon side chain with an amine at the end: discovered in 1910. Suggested that mediated symptoms of allergy e. g. wheal and flare (swelling and redness), rhinitis, but does not account for all symptoms. Secreted from mast cells and some cns neurons. Similar to a local hormone (autocoid), but lacks endocrine gland. Mast cells travel around body to site of attack and release histamine. Allergies: hypersensitivity reaction of the antibody class ige (produced when challenged by allergen) Allergens bind to ige, excessively activating mast cells or basophils which release histamine: histamine causes inflammation by increasing vasodilation and capillary permeability, smooth muscle contraction, mucus secretion and parasympathetic nerve stimulation. Inflammatory responses runny nose to anaphylactic shock. Found in smooth muscle of intestine, bronchi, blood vessels.
