LING2002 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Variation In Australian English, Function Word, Japan Standard Time
Wednesday, 22 March 2017
LECTURE 8
VARIATION AND AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH
-Common phonetic variation in connected/natural English speech
•Manner assimilation
-Assimilation with preceding sound
-Mostly affecting [ð]
-Mostly affects grammatical words, of which many in English have initial [ð]
•Voicing assimilation
-Voiced [b] [d] [g] [z] [ʒ] [v] [ð]
-Voiceless [p] [t] [k] [s] [ʃ] [f] [θ]
•Other phenomena
-The absence of [h] from ‘he’ and ‘him’ is found in a wide range of dialects - in specific contexts
•Even in dialects where word initial [h] is not typically lost
•Absent when relatively unstressed, not at the beginning of an utterance
-NB As a pronoun it’s classified as a grammatical word
-Conventionalised variants
•Variant forms of some words are often conventionalised as strong and weak/reduced forms
-Especially grammatical words, as in English, which are typically ugh frequency in use and often
relatively unstressed in speech
•Some reduced variants are explicitly recognised by speakers
%1
on#the#shelves [ɔnnəʃelvz]
fail#the#test [fæɪllətest]
will#they#do#it? [wɪllæɪdʉːət]
was#that#it? [wɔzzædɪt]
newspaper [njʉːspæɪpə]
used2to [jʉːstʉː]22[jʉːsttʉː]
have2to [hæftʉː]
absorb [əbzo:b]2
I"think"he"will"have. [ɑeθɪŋkiwɪləv]
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