SOC 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Physical Abuse, Psychological Abuse, General Social Survey
15 Nov 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Social Exclusion and Crime: Minority Groups
Police Street Checks (“Carding”)
—Police intelligence gathering policy that involves stopping, questioning, and
documenting individuals
—Police perspective: Proactive community engaged crime perspective
—Critics perspective: Primarily targets black citizens, racial profiling
Police Street Checks and Race
—Wortley Owusu-Bempah (2011)
•Surveyed 1 22 metro Toronto residents who identified as Black (n=513), Chinese
(n=504), or White (n=505)
•Residents got asked: Is racial profiling perceived as a problem? Are police street
checks free of racial bias? How are police stops interpreted? Is vicarious racial
profiling common?
—Blacks are three times more likely to experience multiple police stops and are three
times more likely to be searched during these stops. They are also more likely to
interpret these stops as unfair.
—Blacks are six times more likely to have friends or family members who were racial
profiled.
—Young black men are the most likely to be carded
—Outlawed in Ontario, but not in many of the other provinces
Police Use of Force
Resistance/force Continuum
Levels of Suspected
Resistance
Levels of Police Force
1: No resistance
1: No Force
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Lethal Police Violence
Criminal Code of Canada: Deadly force is justified if an officer believes on reasonable grounds
that such force is necessary for the preservation of his/her life or the lives of others in the
encounter.
Impact of Exclusionary Practices:
Calling 911
—2004 beating of Frank Jude in Milwaukee
2: Passive
2: Command
3: Verbal
3: Threat
4: Defensive
4: Restraint and Control
5: Active
5: Pain Compliance / Takedown
6: Impact
Resistance Force Comparative Scheme (RFCS)
Suspect Resistance
Less Force
Commensurate Force
More Force
1
-
1, 2
3, 4, 5, 6
2
1
2, 3
4, 5, 6
3
1, 2
3, 4
5, 6
4
1, 2, 3
4, 5
6
5
1, 2, 3, 4
5, 6
-
Officer Characteristics
Suspect Characteristics
Male
Less likely to be college educated
Low ranking (ex. Cst.)
Black and hispanic
High population
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Police intelligence gathering policy that involves stopping, questioning, and documenting individuals. Critics perspective: primarily targets black citizens, racial pro ling. Blacks are three times more likely to experience multiple police stops and are three times more likely to be searched during these stops. They are also more likely to interpret these stops as unfair. Blacks are six times more likely to have friends or family members who were racial pro led. Young black men are the most likely to be carded. Outlawed in ontario, but not in many of the other provinces. Criminal code of canada: deadly force is justi ed if an of cer believes on reasonable grounds that such force is necessary for the preservation of his/her life or the lives of others in the encounter. Residents of black neighbourhoods less likely to call 911, including to report violent crimes: net loss of 20 000 911 calls, police violence affects attitudes and behaviours.
