ENV100Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Metamorphic Rock, Igneous Rock, Plate Tectonics
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ENV100Y5 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Igneous rock: magma = molten (liquid) rock + gases + crystals, lava = magma that reaches the surface. Indirect methods: astronomical & orbital measurements, planetary mass and density, meteorite analogy, planetary composition, gravity & magnetism measurements, refraction of seismic waves. Earths layers from the inside out: the core, made of fe-ni metal. Inner core: solid: outer core: liquid, the mantle, made of relatively dense rock, asthenosphere. Weak zone near melting point: the crust, oceanic crust, basalt, dense, thin, continental crust, granite, less dense, thick, *crust + top of mantle = lithosphere. Intraplate: middle of the plate, not on a plate boundary, geologically quiet, with some exception. Hawaii: plate boundaries, divergent (plates moving apart) , new crust is generated, oceanic spreading center (ex. mid-atlantic, continental rift (ex. East african rift: convergent (plates moving together) crust is consumed or compressed ocean-ocean subduction zone (ex. japan) ocean-continent subduction zone (ex.
