BIOL 118 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Polysaccharide, Glycogen, Covalent Bond
11 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
They supply carbon for the synthesis of cell components. They serve as a form of stored chemical energy. They form part of the structures of some cells and tissues. Classes of carbohydrates: monosaccharides- contain a single polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone unit. Ex. / glucose, fructose: disaccharides- consists of two monosaccharide units linked together by a covalent bond. Ex. / sucrose: oligosaccharides- contain from 3 to 10 monosaccharide units. Ex. / raf nose: polysaccharides- contain very long chains of hundreds or thousands of monosaccharide units which may either be in straight or branched chains. Monosaccharides: most have a sweet taste, solids at room temperature, are extremely soluble in water. Despite their high molecular weights the presence of large numbers of oh groups make the monosaccharides much more water soluble than most molecules of similar molecular weight. Are usually insoluble in water because of the high molecular weight but they can form thick colloidal suspensions with water: glycogen.
