BIOG 1440 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Leigh Disease, Antibiotics, Chemiosmosis
3 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Takes 10 steps, each catalyzed by different enzyme: pyruvate oxidation: oxidizes pyruvate into two acetyl-coa + 2 carbon dioxide, mitochondria, creates 2 acetyl-coa, nadh, carbon dioxide. Two carbons out, so six carbons present after the first step is reduced to four and cycle begins again. Atp also created: glucose was oxidized--where do electrons go, have been transferred to nad+ and fad. Reduced forms of these compounds are oxidized respiratory chain. Electrons pass through series of cofactors most embedded in proteins: referred to as complex i-iv, oxidative phosphorylation: accounts for most atp synthesis, mitochondria membrane, nadh and electrons move down in free energy as they proceed down. The work done is to push hydrogen protons against concentration gradient: proton pumping leads to accumulation of hydrogen protons and positive charge on one side of membrane, electron flow coupled to proton pumping. Uncoupling occurs when proton gradient is dissipated without production of atp.
