PHIL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Scholasticism, Empirical Evidence, Baruch Spinoza
4 May 2018
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- Philosophy in the 17th century had a much broader meaning than it does now
- Included the physical and biological sciences (the natural philosophies) and metaphysics
(questions about the ways things exist) and epistemology (study of knowledge) and
theology, politics, logic, and ethics
- Bacon, Descartes, Galileo
- 16th century – philosophy meant Aristotelianism (Aristotle, 384-322 BC)
o Thoas Auias lathed oto Aistotle’s philosophy ad oied it with
Christian doctrine, which is called scholasticism
o Aistotle delies with…
▪ Protestant reformation, which changes religion in Europe, and jumpstarts
a tradition of challenging different types of authority
▪ People ealize that his philosophy does’t see suffiiet to aswe
important questions
▪ Everything was written in Latin and people start to write in other
languages, particularly French
- (rationalist: mind has abilities that goes beyond what the senses can justify) Descartes,
Spinoza, Leibniz, (empiricist: sense experience is the source of knowledge and the
ultimate source of all our concepts; the limits of sense of experience are the limits of
knowledge) Locke, Berkeley, Hume
- Kant – the Critique of Pure Reason
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Philosophy in the 17th century had a much broader meaning than it does now. Included the physical and biological sciences (the natural philosophies) and metaphysics (questions about the ways things exist) and epistemology (study of knowledge) and theology, politics, logic, and ethics. 16th century philosophy meant aristotelianism (aristotle, 384-322 bc: tho(cid:373)as a(cid:395)ui(cid:374)as lat(cid:272)hed o(cid:374)to a(cid:396)istotle"s philosophy a(cid:374)d (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:271)i(cid:374)ed it with. Spinoza, leibniz, (empiricist: sense experience is the source of knowledge and the ultimate source of all our concepts; the limits of sense of experience are the limits of knowledge) locke, berkeley, hume.
