PSYCH-190 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: 18 Months, Lev Vygotsky, Influence Of Mass Media
8 Oct 2020
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Brain is 9/10 size of adult brain at age 5. Start using dominant hand at age 3. Initiative vs. guilt feelings don"t go away. Each stage results in struggle between two opposite emotions. Positive/negative feelings stay with children through adulthood. If initiative is criticized, inhibited, questioned, or punished: Children develop feelings of guilt which can hurt emotional growth. Start to question abilities and feel guilty. Become confident in abilities when able to explore environment. When parents question, chastise, and punish them for attempts for taking initiatives, children start to question abilities and feel guilty. It"s ok to make mistakes/not be successful. Children need to feel that it"s ok to take initiative and it"s ok to fail. Definition: overall opinion about abilities, strengths, weaknesses, status. Lose optimism with repeated failure, frustration, and disapproval. Develop responsibility through weekly jobs and assisting adults and peers. Encourage to make choices, try new experiences, and feel ownership of actions.
