PHIL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Agnosticism, National Institute Of Standards And Technology, Sui Generis
28 Jul 2020
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The most illustrious representative of the enlightenment was undoubtedly david hume; his philosophy had such an important impact that we have dealt with it within british empiricism. English enlightenment stands out for two main aspects: the philosophy of religion (with deism and the rise of natural religion) and the moral philosophy. The initiators of enlightenment thought in britain were locke and newton. Both of them developed an immanentist conception of the world; according to newton, the world is self-sufficient and governed by mechanical principles, discarding final causality. Locke insists on tolerance as an important feature of religion and morality in the enlightenment perspective. The most important figure of the english enlightenment was anthony shaftesbury (1671-1713). The principle of morality is immanent in the ethical subject; the autonomous character of ethics rules out any dependence on the laws of others ("he- teronomy"), be they divine or natural.
