BIOL 142 Lecture 14: 12Apr
Thursday, April 12, 2018
BIOL 142
•Transposons - 95-99% of the genome have no obvious function, scattered
throughout the genome"
•50 % is repetitive sequences"
•45% made up of transposons"
•LINEs(long interspersed transposable elements) - 21% of the genome"
•SINEs (short interspersed transposable elements) - 11% of the genome"
•Gene number and alternative splicing all contributes to human complexity -
approximately 3 transcripts per gene"
•DNA microarrays - biotechnology to compare different genomes"
•Prokaryotic gene regulation"
•Regulation at the point of transcription initiation is preferred in bacteria as it
ensures efficient use of resources"
•Transcriptional control, translational control, post-translational control"
•Transcriptional - the most potent, efficient means of gene regulation, slower than
other means, permanent response"
•Post-translational - immediate response, requires more resources"
•LacZ gene gives rise to b-galactosidase (breaks down lactose into glucose and
galactose)
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