DANCEST 301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 36: 6 Years, Anaximander, Boules
Document Summary
Polis and greek culture: first polis, pre-socratic philosophers, thales of miletus, anaximander, anaximenes of miletus, anaxagoras, herakleitos. The structure of the polis: new class of citizens, hoplites, civil wars. Greece in the fifth century: the athenian model, pericles, the model of sparta, the peloponnesian war (431 bc 404 bc) We cannot understand the raise of philosophy in classical greece without knowing about the polis. Plato"s and socrates are reaction against particular aspects of the polis. Before, the concept of a greek state didn"t exist at all; greece was divided in more than 200 city states; it was a fragmented political culture. No greece in the political sense of the word. City states were all about freedom and autonomy (2 characteristics). Freedom to make the laws and discuss them. Free discussion by using logic, rhetoric, philosophy and science instead of mythology, political theory, ethics, tragedy. Philosophy: try to create an universal view by using logical arguments.
