PHYSICS 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Negative And Positive Rights, Totalitarianism, Fair Trial
Document Summary
By virtue (tugend) of merely existing; and. That aim to secure for such a person certain benefits or freedoms that are of fundamental importance to any human being. Constitutional fundamental rights; both rights protect the basic interests of all human beings. Differences between states are brought by different ideologies, national identities and historical development. They are a set of requirements for the lawmaking authority: the historical development of the idea of human rights. Time of stoics of ancient greece and roman empire and philosophers (thomas. Aquinas): the natural law was a higher law than positive law that protected all mankind (an inbuilt order of things in nature). It was a common ground for different cultures and religions. Rise of darwinism, marxism and freudianism: fall of classical natural law. Modern natural law = still a universal higher law but the nature played only a minor role (instead: capacity of free individuals to seek cooperative schemes of mutual advantage)
