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BIOL 130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Cellular Respiration, Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

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ceriseweasel496
27 Oct 2016
School
Marist College
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL 130
Professor
Dr.Dennis

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Document Summary

Respiration regenerates atp: cellular respiration produces much of atp needed by cells through the breakdown of organic molecules. Energy cycles through cellular respiration and photosynthesis: light energy photosynthesis in chloroplasts organic molecules + o2 mitochondria to make atp heat, light energy photosynthesis in chloroplasts organic molecules + o2 mitochondria co2 + h2o ecosystem. Catabolic pathways and atp production: breakdown of organic molecules releases energy. Enzymes control the rate of breakdown so cells are able to regulate their metabolism: types of catabolic pathways that produce atp. Does not require energy to make atp. Makes a lot more atp than fermentation. Uses organic molecules and oxygen to make atp. What happens to electrons when things react. Occurs more when more and less electronegative elements interact: a reaction where in one reactant loses electrons and another reactant gains electrons. More negative: oxidizing agent the thing that gets reduced, reducing agent the product that is oxidized.

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Related Questions

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy


True or False: Oxygen and glucose are produced by photosynthesisand consumed in cellular respiration.

True

False

Question 2

Select one answer.

10 points

A photosythetic plant has red leaves. Which colors of light willbe most effective at generating oxygen?

red and blue light

red and green light

green and blue light

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Select the incorrect statement regarding respiration andfermentation from the list below.

Both respiration and fermentation use organic molecules.

Respiration produces much more ATP than fermentation

Respiration uses oxygen, fermentation does not.

Respiration produces acidic products, fermentation does not.

Question 4

Select all that apply.

10 points

What are the outputs of photosynthesis? Select all thatapply.

light

CO2

O2

water

sugar

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

Respiration is ...

anabolic because it breaks down sugar.

anabolic because it builds CO2.

catabolic because it breaks down sugar.

catabolic because it builds CO2.

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

all of these processes

fermentation

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

The calculated net amount of ATP produced from one glucosemolecule during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes is

100

36

2

40

6

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

Plant leaves contain many different pigments. What is thepurpose of having multiple pigments?

To absorb light that may harm the photosynthetic machinery.

Capture light for photosynthesis at different wavelengths.

To give leaves different colors in the fall.

Question 9

Select all that apply.

10 points

What is required for photosynthesis? (Select all thatapply.)

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Carbon monoxide

Water

Glucose

Light

Heat

Question 10

Select one answer.

10 points

All of the following statements is true of photosynthesis,EXCEPT:

Water is required

Releases CO2

Glucose is produced.

Releases oxygen

While Jill and Andre were studying for their Biology exam, Andre said, “Animals perform cellular respiration and plants perform photosynthesis.” What about Andre’s statement should Jill have told him was incomplete?

Animals also perform photosynthesis.

Plants do not perform photosynthesis.

Animals do not perform cellular respiration.

Plants also perform cellular respiration.

There is nothing incomplete about Andre’s statement.

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Select the incorrect statement regarding respiration and fermentation from the list below.

Respiration produces much more ATP than fermentation

Respiration produces acidic products, fermentation does not.

Both respiration and fermentation use organic molecules.

Respiration uses oxygen, fermentation does not.

Question 4

Select one answer.

10 points

Energy is harvested from which reaction to produce ATP?

Carbon dioxide and water → sugar and oxygen.

Sugar and oxygen → carbon dioxide and water.

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?

O2

Light

CO2

Water

Sugar

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

One way to explain how cellular respiration and photosynthesis relate to each other is to say that:

Plant cells use the oxygen produced by respiration for photosynthesis.

The oxygen produced by photosynthesis, once released to the environment, is the oxygen able to be used as the electron acceptors for cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration is a series of reduction reactions while photosynthesis is a series of oxidation reactions.

The two processes are not related.

The use of oxygen by plants contributes to the greenhouse effect.

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

The calculated net amount of ATP produced from one glucose molecule during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes is

100

2

40

36

6

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

All of the following statements is true of photosynthesis, EXCEPT:

Releases CO2

Releases oxygen

Glucose is produced.

Water is required

Question 9

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

fermentation

all of these processes

Question 10

Select one answer.

10 points

Plant leaves contain many different pigments. What is the purpose of having multiple pigments?

Capture light for photosynthesis at different wavelengths.

To absorb light that may harm the photosynthetic machinery.

To give leaves different colors in the fall.