BIOL 141 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cellular Respiration, Dehydration Reaction, Cell Metabolism
Document Summary
Metabolism: sum of chemical reactions in a cell. Anabolism: small molecules built into larger ones, required energy. Catabolism: large molecules broken into smaller ones, releases energy. Catalyst: speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, lowers the activation energy required. Active site: location on enzyme where substrate binds. Rate limiting enzyme: enzyme present in small amounts that controls the rate of metabolic pathways. Cofactor: non-protein component combines with and activates an enzyme. Coenzyme: small organic molecule combines with and activates an enzyme. Vitamin: essential organic molecules that human cells cannot synthesize (come from diet) Shape altered by heat, radiation, electricity, chemicals, and ph. Energy: the capacity to change something; ability to do work. Cellular respiration: transfer energy from molecules like glucose to be available for cellular use. P from atp transfers to other molecules in the cell and energizes them to do work (1) mechanical (2) transport (3) chemical. Cellular respiration (1) glycolysis: the breakdown of glucose.
