01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Carl Linnaeus, Binomial Nomenclature, Georges Cuvier
29 May 2019
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1. 2, 22. 1-22. 3: (western) pre-darwin ideas, aristotle (384 -322 bc) Lead to natural theology: discover gods plan by studying nature: carolus linnaeus (1707-78, natural philosopher. Developed binomial nomenclature system: hierarchical classification system ; still used. Taxomy: names and classifies species into groups of increasing breadth based on degree to which share characteristics. Late 1700s-early 1800s geologist challenged catastrophism: huitton- observable processes produce small changes, accumulate over time. Gradualism (1795: geographical changes occur over time, charles lyell. Geological processes of uniform, must balance over time: mountains built by oogenesis, worn by erosion. Earth must be old: jean- baptiste lamarck. Last 1700s- evidence that earth and specifies change over time. Studied fossils, observed changes in specifies over time. 2 ideas: use and disuse, inheritance of acquired traits. Use and disuse: body parts used = larger and stronger, not used = deteriorate, ex: giraffe. Inheritance of acquired traits: traits acquired during lifetime passed to offspring, ex: giraffe passes on neck.
