01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Binomial Nomenclature, Polyphyly, Paraphyly
21 Jul 2019
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Document Summary
Taxonomy - the science of describing, naming and classifying organisms = binomial nomenclature. The name of the species - humans = homospaciens. Species is the basic level of classification. Groups from broad to narrow are domain to species. Phylogeny - the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species. Tells you how they are related to each other: evolution. Evolution - changes in the alleles over time. Alleles - another version of genes, on chromosomes. Natural selection - differential survival and adaptation. The favored alleles will increase and be more apparent than the less favored in the population. Species - the more complex it is, the more diverse it is. Community & ecosystem - holds the whole biosphere together: basics of phylogeny. Phylogeny - represents an evolutionary hypothesis & evolutionary history of a group. Branch point - where 1 line becomes 2. Sister taxa - 2 related siblings coming from a node.
