PSY 240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Stanford Prison Experiment, Norm (Social), Ingroups And Outgroups

• School: Stony Brook University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 240
• Professor: Sirena Ibrahim

Document Summary

Innate need to belong: helps us accomplish things we can"t accomplish as individuals, social status and identity, like group members. Social roles: social roles: patterns of behavior expected in certain positions or situations. Social roles in groups: two types of roles to help groups achieve tasks. Failure to take the situation into account when making judgments, expressing attitudes, or behaving. Liking of members: cohesive group --> better performance --> greater cohesion. Social facilitation: triplett"s (1897-1898) - mere presence of others enhances our performance on a task, cycling study. Fishing reel study (children wound fishing reel better when next to someone) Zajonc solution: presence of others increases arousal. Increased arousal strengthens our dominant response to tasks: easy/well-learned task - correct response (performance enhancement, difficult tasks - incorrect response (performance impairment) Social loafing: ringelmann (1880s) - individual output declines on group tasks (pulling rope) Individual effort on easy task is reduced when contributions are pooled. Ingham & colleagues (1974: participants were blindfolded.