HY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 68: William Wilberforce, Wallachia, Eastern Question
31 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
I.Nation and State Building in Russia, the United States, and Canada
A. Territory, the state, and serfdom: Russia
1. Abolition of serfdom as part of a project to rebuild Russia as a modern state
2. "Slavophiles"
a. Preserving Russia's distinctive features
b. Idealized traditional Russian culture
c. Rejected Western secularism, commercialism, and bourgeois culture
3. "Westernizers"
. Russia should adopt European science, technology, and education
a. Liberalism and individual rights
4. The Emancipation Decree of 1861
. Massive in scope, limited in change
a. Granted legal rights to 22 million serfs
b. Gave former serfs title to a portion of the land
c. Required the state to compensate landowners
d. Newly liberated serfs had to pay installments for their land
e. Law granted land to the peasant commune (mir), not individual serfs
5. Expansion
. Russia pressed east and south
a. Invaded and conquered independent Islamic kingdoms along the Silk Road
b. Founded Siberian city of Vladivostok in 1860
c. In most cases, Russia did not assimilate the populations of new territories
B. Territory and the Nation: The United States
1. The Jeffersonian Revolution
. Combined democratic aspirations with national expansion
a. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)
b. The Bill of Rights
c. The separation of powers
d. An aristocracy of "virtue and talent"
e. Opposed national religion and special privilege
f. The independence of the yeoman farmer
2. Territorial expansion—the Louisiana Purchase (1803)
. Added millions of acres of prime cotton land
a. Extended the empire of slavery
3. Andrew Jackson (1829-1837)
. Transformed Jeffersonian liberalism
a. Campaigned to extend suffrage to all white males
b. All officeholders should be elected and not appointed
c. Frequent rotation of men in power
4. Manifest Destiny—"to overspread the continent"
. Brought Oregon and Washington into the Union
a. Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and California brought in during
war with Mexico
b. Northern "free labor" ideology
c. Southern plantation slavery
C. The Politics of Slavery
1. The legality of slavery
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