BIOL 1081 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Chemical Formula, Maltose, Lactase
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Document Summary
Macromolecules & carbohydrates reading: sections 4. 1-5. 2 in textbook. List the major elements found in all living organisms, describing the valence of each and how they are specifically bonded to other elements in organic compounds. Describe the characteristics of carbon that make it central to living organisms. Major elements found in all living things: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and. Oxygen has 6 valance electrons, hydrogen has 1, carbon has 4, and nitrogen has either 3 or 5. Nitrogen can have either 3 or 5 valence electrons because it can bond in the outer 2p and 2s orbitals. Characteristics of carbon: carbon atoms form very strong bonds with other carbon atoms. The bonds are so strong that carbon can form long chains; a carbon atom forms four bonds, therefore carbon not only can form long chains, but it also forms chains that have branches.
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Life Chemistry LabReport
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- Based on lab, Section II, draw and label a ball and stickrepresentation of a carbon dioxide, water and ethyl alcoholmolecule. Use circles to designate atoms and lines for bonds, thenindicate the chemical symbol for each atom. Sign, date and preparean image of your drawing and include it with this lab report.
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- _______ are the most abundant organic molecules in livingorganisms.
- Name a polysaccharide, monosaccharide, protein and alipid.
- Go to the lab, Section 3, Exercises 2, 3, 4 and 5 to completethe following table:
Type of Organic Molecule | Reagent | Sample Tested | Positive Color | Negative Color |
Carbohydrate (starch) | Iodine | |||
Sugar | Benedictâs solution | |||
Lipid (fat) | Sudan IV | |||
Protein | Biuret |
- Go to the lab, Section 3, Exercise 6 to locate starch in potatocells. Describe the microscopic appearance of starch in terms ofcolor and location within the cells.
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