BIO SCI N120A Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Radiosurgery
24 Jul 2019
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Cyclin activates kinases which leads to phosphorylation and cell cycle advancement. Lecture: gain of function, cyclins, cdks, ras. Tumor suppressors cause cancer when inactivated: loss of function, rb, p53, p21, brca1 & 2. Air to lungs has to be warm and moist to promote better gas exchange. Airways lined with cilia which traps mucus and pushes out all the stuff that"s not air. Bronchioles bifurcates to bronchi to alveoli that are wrapped by capillaries. Alveolus: wrapped in alveolar type i cell (white), surfactant layer to prevent adhesion, macrophage, alveolar fluid, alveolar type ii cell (support cell) Symptoms: rapid breathing, increased work of breathing, chest tightness, air hunger. Caused by: elevated co2, increased h+, decreased o2. Respiratory failure: not enough oxygen, too much co2. Things that control ventilation rate: stretch receptors in lungs (-), irritant receptors (-), muscles/joint receptors (+), central chemoreceptors (co2/h 6 (+)), peripheral chemoreceptors (low o2 (+)), pain, voluntary control.
