PSY BEH 101D Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Mutation, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Soltyrei
31 May 2018
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EXAM 1; STUDY GUIDE part 2
o Non-experimental v. Experimental
• Non-Experimental: documenting relations between variables
▪ Ex. Maltreatment type & aggression, children's age & suggestibility, stress
& suggestibility
▪ PROS: determine how variables are related, identify factors associated w/
increased risk, study situations that can't be controlled experimentally
▪ CONS: two variables = related does not mean they co-occur, correlations
do not prove causation
• Ex. Kids and stress (age & stress)
• Experimental Study Design: manipulating one variable to determine its effect
on another variable/imposing manipulation on one variable to see effects the
second one
• Ex. Kids recalling info (nice grandma/mean cop-like person)
• Supportive interview > accuracy
• Approaches
• Cross-sectional research: different age groups/one snap shot of each age group
in time
▪ Emotion: aggression, negative expressions
• Ex. Surprise speech: two age groups (adults v children) stress
response
• Longitudinal research: follow individuals over time
▪ Ex. Tracked children involved in crime & followed them over time
• Cross-sequential: combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal
▪ Two age groups followed for a period of time
• EX. 9/11 groups of ages 10 years later
• Victimization
• Prenatal Development
o Mom & Dad: 23 pairs of chromosomes
• Inherited each from their parents and meiosis = genetic diversity
o 8 million gene variations in each parent
• Epigenetics: DNA & RNA genes can be turned on/off (Rats)
• LECTURE 3
• Epigenetics: the changing of the genes/whether they are triggered (on/off)
o Genes don't change but epigenetics can be passed down (Rats shocked by the smell of
chemicals)
o Inherited:
• Gene disorders
• Most are recessive
• EX.
▪ Alzheimer's: Chromosome 21(dominant): late in life
▪ Sickle Cell Anemia (abnormal hemoglobin): sickle shape
▪ Schizophrenia: severe impairment of thought processes/abnormal motor
behavior/delusions/Chromosome 6/runs in families
• Identical Twins: Genes play critical role but they are not
determinant
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Exam 1; study guide part 2: non-experimental v. experimental, non-experimental: documenting relations between variables, ex. Maltreatment type & aggression, children"s age & suggestibility, stress. & suggestibility: pros: determine how variables are related, identify factors associated w/ increased risk, study situations that can"t be controlled experimentally, cons: two variables = related does not mean they co-occur, correlations do not prove causation, ex. Kids and stress (age & stress: experimental study design: manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another variable/imposing manipulation on one variable to see effects the second one, ex. Supportive interview > accuracy: approaches, cross-sectional research: different age groups/one snap shot of each age group in time, emotion: aggression, negative expressions, ex. Surprise speech: two age groups (adults v children) stress response. Longitudinal research: follow individuals over time: ex. Tracked children involved in crime & followed them over time: cross-sequential: combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal, two age groups followed for a period of time, ex.
