LIFESCI 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Eye Color, Ploidy, Wild Type
Document Summary
1859: the origin of species: a trait can change over time within a species if ns is possible, mendel: inheritance of pea plants. An organism"s genome=all of its genetic material. A human"s genome=46 chromosomes (compacted molecules of dna) arranged in 23 pairs. Homologous=same instructions to make one trait (two chromosomes that makes same trait=homologous pair) Karyotype: a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell. Chromosomes has a maternal & paternal copy. A gamete receives only 1 allele for each gene (even though the organism generally has 2) Thm #1: the law of segregation points out that a gamete receives only one allele from the pair of alleles possessed by an organism. Thm #2: the test cross allows you to determine whether individuals showing the dominant trait are homozygous or heterozygous. How is the sex of the baby determined by the father: girl: xx, boy: xy, x=maternal bc women only have x"s, y=paternal (from dad)
