LIFESCI 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Calorie Restriction, Skeletal Muscle, Vitamin A
Document Summary
Vitamins and minerals: functions: support biochemical processes including, serving as co-enzymes in metabolism, protection from oxidative damage, collagen formation, nerve propagation, calcium absorption, blood clotting, precursor to eye pigments. In the u. s. , almost no adults suffer from any vitamin and mineral deficiency diseases. And so they gain no benefit from supplemental vitamins. What is the harm: excess consumption of, vitamin a: can lead to hair loss in men, vitamin d: can lead to growth retardation, liver damage results from excess vitamins and minerals. Hormones: chemical signals, secreted into body fluids, may reach many cells, only target cells respond, elicit specific responses in target cell. Who secretes them: pineal melatonin, hypothalamus oxytocin, pituitary, adrenal adrenaline, cortisol, pancreas insulin, ovaries estrogens, progesterone, testes androgens. Hormones are regulators secreted by glands that alter gene function in a target cell somewhere else in the body.
