GEOL107 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Chlorine, Magnesium, Covalent Bond
29 Aug 2018
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With fixed (or variable within limits) chemical composition. Chemical composition and definite crystalline structure refers to elements and atoms. Elements fundamental components of matter : cannot be broken into simpler particles by ordinary chemical processes. Atoms are the basic unit of an element. Individual atoms are composed of protons (positively charged) and neutrons (neutral charger) in the nucleus and electrons (negatively charged) in motion about the nucleus. What makes elements unique is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. 8 are by far most common (oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, Remember the top 4 (listed in order above) 98. 5% of crustal mineral mass from 8 elements. To make minerals, combine (bond together) elements (atoms) Most (but not all) of combinations consist of 8 most abundant elements. 3 major ways atoms bond to make minerals: Fundamental rules for how electrons prefer to organize about the nucleus:
