KAAP220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cytosol, Cotransporter, Pseudopodia
3 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology chapter 3. Long, slender plasma membrane extensions: motile cilia common in respiratory and reproductive tracts, microtubules surrounding a central pair, anchored to cell surface with basal body, primary cilium functions as sensor. Flagella are longer than cilia and beat in a wavelike fashion. Freely permeable any substance can pass (not found in living cells: selectively permeable some substances cross. Impermeable no substance can pass (not found in living cells) Types of membrane transport: passive does not require atp, diffusion, carrier-mediated transport, active requires atp, vesicular transport, carrier-mediated transport. Diffusion: net movement of a substance from higher concentration to lower concentration, concentration gradient, concentration difference when molecules are not evenly distributed, at an even distribution, molecular motion continues but no net movement. Factors influencing diffusion rates: distance (inversely related, molecule size (inversely related) Temperature (directly related: gradient size (directly related, electrical forces, attraction of opposite charges, repulsion of like charges.
