BIOL 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Bronchiole, Empyema, Pleurisy
26 Jul 2020
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Medical Terminology
Ch. 11 - Respiratory System VII
Pathological Conditions of the Lower Respiratory System
●Emphysema
○Chronic pulmonary disease characterized by increase beyond the normal
in the sie of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from
dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls
■Smoking is major cause
○Exhalation is difficult
■Due to the loss of elasticity and hyper expansion of lungs
●Empyema
○Pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity
■Usually, result of primary infection in lungs
●Hyaline Membrane Disease
○Severe impairment of respiration in a premature newborn
○Aka respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
●Influenza
○Highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory tract transmitted by
airborne droplet infection
○Aka the flu
■Symptoms: sore throat, cough, fever, muscular pains, and
generalized weakness
■Annual vaccination recommended for all persons aged 6 months
and older
●Lung Abscess
○Localized collection of pus formed by the destruction of lung tissue and
microorganisms by leukocytes that have migrated to the area to fight
infection
●Pleural Effusion
○accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
○Resulting in compression of the underlying portion of the lung, with
resultant dyspnea
■Usually secondary to some other disease
●Pleuritis (Pleurisy)
○inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura
●Pneumonia
○inflammation of the lungs
○Caused primarily by bacteria, viruses, and chemical irritants
Document Summary
Chronic pulmonary disease characterized by increase beyond the normal in the sie of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, either from dilation of the alveoli or from destruction of their walls. Due to the loss of elasticity and hyper expansion of lungs. Pus in a body cavity, especially in the pleural cavity. Usually, result of primary infection in lungs. Severe impairment of respiration in a premature newborn. Highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory tract transmitted by airborne droplet infection. Symptoms: sore throat, cough, fever, muscular pains, and generalized weakness. Annual vaccination recommended for all persons aged 6 months and older. Localized collection of pus formed by the destruction of lung tissue and microorganisms by leukocytes that have migrated to the area to fight infection. Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Resulting in compression of the underlying portion of the lung, with resultant dyspnea. Inflammation of both the visceral and parietal pleura.
