BIOL 1060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
17 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is now the 6th leading cause of death in the united states. Type 1 diabetes (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) or juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus: the pancreas fails to make insulin. Causes include genetic mutations, virus infections, toxins, or a immune system disorder that destroys pancreatic beta cells. Type 2 diabetes (also known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (nddm) or adult-onset diabetes mellitus: cells stop responding to insulin (cells have fewer insulin receptors on their membranes). Type 2 diabetes tends to occur because of chronic obesity. It"s as if the cells get tired of hearing here comes some more glucose, suck it up! , and to shut out the news, they fail to make insulin receptors. Type 2 diabetes can often be controlled by maintaining a healthy weight, or, in a less desirable way, by injection of additional insulin so that the message gets through via the few insulin receptors remaining.
