L41 BIOL 2970 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Y Chromosome, Consanguinity, Wild Type
Document Summary
In early divisions of germ cells, two sets of homologs present. End of prophase i: chiasma (pl): variable in number and position. Physical association of 2 homologs called a bivalent. Homologs align in the center of the cell. Meiosis ii: essentially a mitotic division except no replication occurs between meiosis i and ii. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. One diploid cell, each chromosome composed of 2 chromatids. Mendel i: each trait controlled by particular factors that occur in pairs. Members of a pair separate during gamete formation. Chromosomes occur in pairs in cells of higher organisms. Homologs separate from one another during meiosis i. 2 haploid gametes fuse to produce diploid zygote. Elinor carothers: grasshopper: found a strain that had a chromosome that was shorter than the normal. In grasshoppers, mae has a chromosome with no homolog called the x chromosome. Anaphase i carrying the short variant and the normal length homologs.