L07 Chem 481 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Arachidonic Acid, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug, Malonyl-Coa
15 Apr 2017
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Long chain fas (use elongases): endoplasmic reticulum (er) (cytosolic face) Can make up to c24 (nervonic acid (24:1)) Fatty acid elongation at the er: mitochondria: Unsaturated fas: (can use desaturases or preexisting ones) Must use electron transport chain to transfer the 2 electrons to desaturase. Desaturase is an iron system and it only uses 1 electron. Use cytochrome b5 reductase as transition molecule because fadh2 can hand off electron individually. Acts as a good conduit between 2 electrons to single electron carriers. Linolenic acid (18:3) 6,9,12 (not the same as linolenic acid) Prostaglandin synthase catalyzes arachidonic acid -> prostaglandin h2. Cyclooxygenase (cox) function is what does the reaction. Peroxidase is the other function of prostaglandin synthase. Taking a little aspirin can reduce clotting to reduce risk of blockage. Phospholipase degrade arachidonic acids out of the phospholipids of the membrane lipids. Unstable, so they can only cause phenotypes in local areas. Cox 2 specific inhibitors: viox, bextra, celebrex (~1999)
