University College - Chemistry Chem 112A Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Lewis Acids And Bases, Conjugate Acid, Fugacity
14 Mar 2016
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Equilibrium lies to product side if k_p is large, so using successive approximations, it is useful to push the reactants to the product side. Deviations from ideality. ex: 43. 3 moles n_2 in a 10l vessel at 273k should exert about 97 atm of pressure if behaving as an ideal gas. However, experimentally, this pressure is approximately 100 atm. Ideal pressure = effective pressure = 97 atm. Effective pressure of gas = activity of the gas (fugacity) a_n2 = P_ref = 1 atm. aa + bb cc + dd. [i] (idealized) = gamma_i = activity coefficient for concentration. For pure liquid: a_liquid = 1 allows us to deal with heterogeneous equilibria. Caco3 (s) cao (s) + co2 (g) h3o+ + a- acid dissociation equilibrium. Lewis base: electron pair donor ex) bf3 f-b-f b: electron deficient. H+ no electrons - electron pair acceptor: lewis acid.
