NURSING Lecture Notes - Echinococcosis, Gastric Mucosa, Portal Vein
25 Oct 2022
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Document Summary
The disease is caused by echinococcus granulosus, transmitted by dogs which are the chief mediators (host) and man is the intermediate host or dead-end host. After swallowing the ova, they penetrate gastric mucosa, reach retro peritoneal structures, penetrate portal vein directly and then enter into liver. After reaching liver the organisms starts growing and develop their own protective layer and form hydatid cyst. Layers of hydatid cyst: the adventitia (pseudocyst): this is the fibrous layer derived from the liver tissue. It is the reaction of liver to the parasite. Investigations: usg can detect the cyst, localise the cyst and is used for aspiration purposes, plain x-ray abdomen, ct scan may be necessary in selected cases. Treatment: conservative, calcified cysts are dead cysts. They are left alonegiven, no treatment required: symptom less, small hydatid cyst can be left alone. Once they become symptomatic, or if the size is more than 5 cm, they may be treated.
