SOC 124 Lecture Notes - Havelock Ellis, Twin, Sigmund Freud
Document Summary
This latter research was first motivated by the idea that gay men are genetically female; eventually discredited: confirmation of the genetic link to sexual orientation has been found through comparative studies of identical twins and fraternal twins. It is more likely that identical twins are both gay (if one is gay) than is the case for fraternal twins: early psychological studies treated homosexuality as a pathology, as a mental illness. Functionalist perspective: theorists in this perspective examine how society maintains our social order. Durkheim argued that our social order depended on how well society could control individual behavior. Our sexuality is controlled by society"s norms and values: functionalists identify how society upholds heterosexuality and a marital union between a man and a woman as an ideal normative behavior. This is also referred to as institutionalized heterosexuality, the set of ideas, institutions, and relationships that define the heterosexual family as the societal norm.
